A TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE FAMILY
ORCHIDACEAE

SUBFAMILY	TRIBE	SUBTRIBE	ALLIANCE	GENERA (a sample listing)
SPIRANTHOIDEAE There are about 550 species in about 95 genera in this subfamily. Members of this subfamily can be identified by the basic column structure and the lack of root-stem tuberoids.	ERYTHRODEAE All species in this tribe are found primarily in Asia, Africa, and Australia.	TROPIDIINAE	N/A	Corymborkis Tropidia
		GOODYERINAE	GOODYERA	Goodyera Ludisia
			ANOECTO- CHILUS	Anoectochilus Zeuxine
	CRANICHIDEAE Species of this tribe can be found primarily in North and South America.	SPIRANTHINAE	N/A	Spiranthes
		PACHYPLECTRONINAE	N/A	Pachyplectron
		MANNIELLINAE	N/A	Manniella
		CRANICHIDINAE	PRESCOTTIA	Altensteinia Prescottia
			PONTHIEVA	Baskervilla Cranichis Ponthieva
		CRYPTOSTYLIDINAE	N/A	Cryptostylis
ORCHIDOIDEAE There are about 2,800 species in this subfamily. Members of this subfamily are usually terrestrial plants found in the temperate regions of Europe, Africa, and Australia. They can be identified by a unique thickened root-stem tuberoid storage organ. The plants usually have slender stems, leaves in a spiral arrangement, and soft, mealy pollen.	NEOTTIEAE There are about 100 species in this tribe. NOTE: Dressler moved this tribe to the Epidendrum subfamily in 1990.	LIMODORINAE	N/A	Epipactis
		LISTERINAE	N/A	Listera
	DIURIDEAE There are about 550 species in this tribe.	CHLORAEINAE	N/A	Bipinnula Chloraea
		CALADENIINAE	CALADENIA	Caladenia
			CALEANAE	Drakaea
		PTEROSTYLIDINAE	N/A	Pterostylis
		ACIANTHINAE	N/A	Corybas
		DIURIDINAE	N/A	Thelymitra
		PRASOPHYLLINAE	N/A	Microtis Prasophyllum
	ORCHIDEAE Largest of the tribes in this subfamily, there are over 1,700 species associated with it.	ORCHIDINAE	GALERIS	Amerorchis Galearis
			PLATANTHERA	Platanthera
			ORCHIS	Ophrys Orchis
			HOLOTHRIX	Bartholina Holothrix
		HABENARIINAE	HERMINIUM	Gennaria Herminium
			HABENARIA	Habenaria
		HUTTONAEINAE	N/A	Huttonaea
	DISEAE	DISINAE	N/A	Disa
		SATYRIINAE	N/A	Satyrium
		CORYCIINAE	N/A	Ceratandra Corycium
These two Tribes are not currently assigned to a specific Subfamily	TRIPHOREAE A primitive tribe consisting of three genera and twenty species. Possibly belongs to the Epidendrum subfamily.	N/A	N/A	Monophyllorchis Triphora
	WULLSCHLAEGELIEAE This tribe has only one genus with two species.	N/A	N/A	Wullschlaegelia
EPIDENDROIDEAE The largest subfamily consisting of over 10,000 species in about 90 to 100 genera. Species of this subfamily can be identified by the unique development of the anther. Most (but not all) have hard pollinia. Epiphytes in this subfamily usually have pseudobulbs. The terrestrials have thin stems and even saprophytes. In general, species of this subfamily are tropical plants.	VANILLEAE This tribe has over 200 species.	VANILLINAE	N/A	Vanilla
		LECANORCHIDINAE	N/A	Lecanorchis
		PALMORCHIDINAE	N/A	Diceratostele
		POGONIINAE	N/A	Pogonia
	GASTRODIEAE	NERVILLIINAE	N/A	Nervilia
		GASTRODIINAE	N/A	Didymoplexis Gastrodia
		RHIZANTHELLINAE	N/A	Cryptanthemis Rhizanthella
	EPIPOGIEAE	N/A	N/A	Epipogium Stereosandra
	ARETHUSEAE There are over 500 species in this tribe.	ARETHUSINAE	N/A	Arethusa
		THUNIINAE	N/A	Thunia
		BLETIINAE	ARUNDINA	Arundina
			CALOPOGON	Calopogon
			CALANTHE	Bletia Calanthe Phaius
			PLOCO- GLOTTIS	Plocoglottis
			TAINIA	Tainia
			COELIA	Coelia
			CHYSIS	Chysis
		SOBRALIINAE	N/A	Sobralia
	COELOGTNEAE There are over 400 species in this tribe.	COELOGYNINAE	N/A	Coelogyne Dendrochilum Pleione
		ADRORHIZINAE	N/A	Adrorhizon
	MALAXIDEAE There are over 900 species in this tribe.	N/A	N/A	Liparis Malaxis
	CRYPTARRHENEAE	N/A	N/A	Cryptarrhena
	CALYPSOEAE	N/A	N/A	Calypso
	EPIDENDREAE Largest tribe of this subfamily, consisting of over 8,000 species. Members of this tribe can be found around the world.	ERIINAE	ERIA	Eria
			CERATO- STYLIS	Ceratostylis Epiblastus Sarcostoma
		PODOCHILINAE	N/A	Chilopogon Podochilus
		THELASIINAE	N/A	Rhynchophreatia
		GLOMERINAE	N/A	Earina Glomera
		LAELIINAE There are over 800 species in 40 to 60 genera in this subtribe. Although not the largest subtribe in this subfamily, over 25% (136) of all hybrid genera (including Cattleya) are associated with it. The plants are generally tropical American epiphytes.	ISOCHILUS	Hexisea Isochilus
			CATTLEYA	Brassavola Broughtonia Cattleya Encyclia Laelia Rhyncholaelia Schomburgkia Sophronitis
			BARKERIA	Barkeria Caularthron
			EPIDENDRUM	Epidendrum
			LEPTOTES	Leptotes
			NEOCO- GNIAUXIA	Neocogniauxia
			HYBRIDS	Brassocattleya Brassoepidendrum Brassolaeliocattleya Cattleytonia Epicattleya Epilaeliocattleya Hawkinsara Laeliocatonia Laeliocattleya Otaara Potinara Schombocattleya Sophrocattleya Sophrolaelia Sophrolaeliocattleya
		MEIRACYLLINAE	N/A	Meiracyllium
		PLEUROTHALLIDINAE	N/A	Dracula Lepanthes Masdevallia Platystele Pleurothallis Restrepia Stelis
		DENDROBIINAE	N/A	Dendrobium
		BULBOPHYLLINAE	N/A	Bulbophyllum
		SUNIPIINAE	N/A	Sunipia
VANDOIDEAE This is the second largest subfamily consisting of over 5,000 species in over 300 genera. Members of this subfamily can be identified by their monopodial growth though many of the species produce pseudobulbs. Pseudobulbs produced are normally shorter and stouter than those in the Epidendrum subfamily. The most prominent feature of species in the Vanda subfamily is the unique development of the anther. Species of this subfamily are found in most tropical areas of the world and consist mostly of epiphytes, but there are also some terrestrials and saprophytes included.	POLYSTACHYEAE There are about 200 species in this tribe. Species can be identified by the four pollinia and the lip often has mealy hairs called pseudopollen on the upper surface.	N/A	N/A	Polystachya
	VANDEAE There are over 1,700 species in over 130 genera in this tribe. Members can be found in tropical Asia, nearby Pacific islands, Australia, and Africa.	SARCANTHINAE There are over 1,000 species in over 100 genera in this subtribe and are found mostly in Asia with a few in Africa. This subtribe also includes about 208 (38%) hybrid genera.	PHALAENOPSIS	Aerides Chiloschista Doritis Phalaenopsis Rhynchostylis Sarcochilus
			VANDA	Arachnis Ascocentrum Euanthe Luisia Renanthera Vanda Vandopsis
			TRICHO- GLOTTIS	Cleisostoma Gastrochilus Neofinetia Robiquetia Trichoglottis
			HYBRIDS	Aeridovanda Aranda Ascocenda Ascofinetia Asconopsis Christieara Doritaenopsis Opsistylis Perreiraara Renanstylis Renantanda Renanthopsis Rhynchovanda Vandaenopsis Vascostylis
		ANGRAECINAE There are about 300 to 400 species in this subtribe and are found in tropical Africa and Madagascar.	ANGRAECUM	Aeranthes Angraecum Jumellea
			CAMPLYLO- CENTRUM	Campylocentrum
		AERANGIDINAE There are also about 300 to 400 species in this subtribe and are also found in tropical regions of Africa and Madagascar.	N/A	Aerangis Mystacidium
	MAXILLARIEAE There are about 1,000 species in 70 to 80 genera in this tribe most of which are limited to tropical America. They grow either as terrestrials or epiphytes and there are also a few saprophytes in this tribe. Species in this tribe generally have pseudobulbs, but a few have reedlike stems or thick underground stems. Blooms have four pollinia.	CORALLORHIZINAE Species in this subtribe are saprophytes.	N/A	Corallorhiza
		ZYGOPETILINAE There are about 150 species in this subtribe. Most exhibited hybrids are in this subtribe.	WARREA	Otostylis Warrea
			ZYGOPETALUM	Pabstia Promenaea Zygopetalum
			BOLLEA	Bollea Chondrorhyncha Cochleanthes Huntleya Kefersteinia Pescatoria Stenia
			VARGASIELLA	Vargasiella
			HYBRIDS Of all the hybrids in this tribe (43), only Angulocaste is exhibited frequently.	Aitkenara Bateostylis Bollopetalum Chondrobollea Cochella Cochlecaste Cochlenia Cochlepetalum Downsara Durutyara Hamelwellsara Huntleanthes Kanzerara Keferanthes Lancebirkara Otocolax Otonisia Palmerara Rotorara Zygocaste Zygolum Zygonisia Zygostylis
		BIFRENARIINAE The leaves of species in this subtribe are thin and pleated.	N/A	Bifrenaria Xylobium
		LYCASTINAE The leaves of species in this subtribe are also thin and pleated.	N/A	Anguloa Lycaste
		MAXILLARIINAE Largest of the subtribes containing nearly half of the tribe species. The leaves of this subtribe are conduplicate and leathery.	N/A	Maxillaria Scuticaria
		DICHAEINAE	N/A	Dichaea
		TELIPOGONINAE	N/A	Telipogon Trichoceros
		ORNITHOCEPHALINAE	N/A	Ornithocephalus Zygostates
	CYMBIDIEAE There are about 1,800 species in 100 to 130 genera in this tribe. Species are either terrestrial or epiphytic and range throughout global tropical regions. They are unique in that all members have a sympodial growth habit and have two pollinia.	CYRTOPODIINAE There are over 400 species in this subtribe. Species are usually terrestrial and can be found in Asia, Africa, and tropical America.	BROMHEADIA	Bromheadia
			EULOPHIA	Eulophia
			CYRTOPODIUM	Cymbidiella Cyrtopodium Galeandra
			CYMBIDIUM	Cymbidium Grammatophyllum
			DIPODIUM	Dipodium
			HYBRIDS	Bifrenidium Cymphiella Cyrtellia Eulocymbidiella Galeansellia Graphiella
		GENYORCHIDINAE There are less than 50 species in this subtribe.	N/A	Genyorchis
		THECOSTELINAE There are less than 50 species in this subtribe.	N/A	Thecostele
		ACRIPSIDINAE There are less than 50 species in this subtribe.	N/A	Acriopsis
		CATASETINAE There are about 150 species in this subtribe and are epiphytes found in the Western Hemisphere.	N/A	Catasetum Cycnoches Mormodes
		STANHOPEINAE There are about 200 species in this subtribe and are epiphytes found in the Western Hemisphere.	N/A	Acineta Coryanthes Gongora Stanhopea
		PACHYPHYLLINAE There are less than 50 species in this subtribe.	N/A	Pachyphyllum
		ONCIDIINAE Largest of the subtribes with nearly 1,000 species within about 56 to 78 genera. Members are usually epiphytic, but there are some terrestrials within this subtribe.They usually have pseudobulbs that tend to be short and stout. Species are widely distributed throughout tropical America, including Florida and the Caribbean.	ONCIDIUM Largest alliance in this subtribe and includes the majority of genera in cultivation.	Ada Brassia Cochlioda Miltonia Miltoniopsis Odontoglossum Oncidium (most)
			TRICHO- CENTRUM	Trichocentrum
			COMPARETTIA	Oncidium (equitants only) Comparettia Ionopsis Rodriguezia
			TRICHOPHILIA	Notylia Psychopsis Trichopilia
			LOCKHARTIA	Lockhartia
			HYBRIDS There are over 107 hybrid genera.	Aliceara Bakerara Beallara Brassidium Burrageara Colmanara Degarmoara Howeara Maclellanara Miltassia Miltonidium Odontioda Odontobrassia Odontocidium Odontonia Rodricidium Trichocidium Vuylstekeara Wilsonara
APOSTASIOIDEAE This subfamily has only two rare genera of about 16 species which have two or three lateral anthers and several primitive features that make them readily distinguishable from all other orchids. Some authorities do not consider the species in this subfamily to be true orchids, rather, they are ancestors to modern orchids.	N/A	N/A	N/A	Apostasia Neuwiedia
CYPRIPEDIOIDEAE This subfamily has about 115 species divided among four or five genera. Members of this subfamily can be identified by the unique shieldlike staminode and pouchlike labellum. These species do not have pseudobulbs and are terrestrials or lithophytes.	N/A	N/A	N/A	Cypripedium Paphiopedilum Phragmipedium
Genera in RED type have at least 50 AOS awards.